BETIM’S TRAFFIC SAFETY AND SUSTAINABLE BEHAVIOR OF WISE CITIZENS IN MINAS GERAIS – BRAZIL: PRELIMINARY DRAFT ON SUBSTANCE/ BEHAVIORAL ADDICTI...

BETIM’S TRAFFIC SAFETY AND SUSTAINABLE BEHAVIOR OF WISE CITIZENS IN MINAS GERAIS – BRAZIL: PRELIMINARY DRAFT ON SUBSTANCE/ BEHAVIORAL ADDICTI...: [ENGLISH VERSION] UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO – USP Clinics Hospital – HC Institute of Psychiatry - Ipq Interdisciplinary Gro...

LINK: http://betimstrafficsafetystainablebehavior.blogspot.com.br/2015/12/preliminary-draft-on-substance.html

[ENGLISH VERSION]

UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO – USP

Clinics Hospital – HC

Institute of Psychiatry- Ipq

Interdisciplinary Group of Studies on Alcohol
and Drugs (GREA)

 PSYCHOLOGY SECTOR

PRELIMINARY
DRAFT ON

SUBSTANCE/ BEHAVIORAL ADDICTION AND CITIZEN MOTIVATION FOR TRAFFIC SAFETY IN BETIM  -  MINAS GERAIS – BRAZIL

GILBERTO MARTINS BORGES FILHO

academic advisor: FLÁVIA JUNGERMAN (USP)

joint supervisor: ANTÔNIO PAULO
HOLLANDA CAVALCANTE (UFC)

Draft of
Monograph

to be presented in GREA’s

 IV Specialization Course

on Substance Addiction  – 2013/2014

SÃO PAULO – 2013

GILBERTO MARTINS BORGES FILHO

academic advisor:  FLÁVIA JUNGERMAN (USP)

COORIENTADOR: ANTÔNIO PAULO HOLLANDA
CAVALCANTE (UFC)

PRELIMINARY
DRAFT ON

SUBSTANCE/ BEHAVIORALADDICTION AND CITIZEN MOTIVATION FOR TRAFFIC SAFETY IN BETIM -  MINAS
GERAIS – BRAZIL

 (PRELIMINARY VERSION)

 Draft of Monograph

to be presented in GREA’s

 IV Specialization Course

on Substance Addiction  – 2013/2014

SÃO PAULO – 2013

(¹) This draft was registered under number on 01/17/2013 at the 2nd Registry of Deeds and Documents located at Rua dos Guajajaras, 197 - Shop 01 - Centro - CEP: 30180-100 Phone (031) 3224-1788. And in the Copyright Office (FBN) under number 609 390, on 07/24/2013

I.
INTRODUCTION

The
issue of alcohol and other substances in traffic has been a major concern for
Public Health in Brazil. Regarding the first question, over time, alcohol
consumption has taken on symbols and social meanings in man

varied
national contexts has limitations.

.
End-of-year parties, carnival or leisure time are directly linked to drink; but
alcohol can not be considered a substance free of harm: domestic violence,
assaults, crimes, murders, suicides, offenses and serious traffic accidents
usually appear associated with the consumption of beverages, providing some of
the problems related to alcohol. From a conceptual point of view, it is
important to replace the word "alcoholism" that has no precise
scientific meaning. The concepts of "alcohol-related problems and alcohol
dependence prove to be more accurate and useful. The drinking is a behavior
adapted to most cultures.

Its use is associated with celebrations, business and social situations,
religious ceremonies and events

cultural. Moreover, harmful alcohol consumption is responsible for
approximately 3% of all

deaths that occur on the planet, ranging from liver cirrhosis and cancer to
accidents, falls,

poisoning and homicide (Laranjeira R, Duailibi & Pinsky cited Meloni and
Orange, 2004). In developing countries, including

Brazil, alcoholic beverages are a major disease factors and mortality, with its
deleterious impact being considered between 8% and 14.9% of total health
problems such

nations (Meloni and Orange, 2004; World Health Report, 2002).



 In addition, when coupled with impulsivity factor, it has catastrophic
results increasing morbidity and mortality statistics in traffic.

Important reserches have proven the importance of the association
between  alcohol  and accident as can be verfied below:

Accident
severity increases significantly even when the driver is merely 'buzzed', a
finding that persists after standardization for various confounding factors.
Three mechanisms mediate between buzzed driving and high accident severity:
compared to sober drivers, buzzed drivers are significantly more likely to
speed, to be improperly seatbelted and to drive the striking vehicle. (Phillips
DP & KM Brewer, 2011)

According to Moreira, R. action of the pre-accident alcohol

Has the following threads:

1. Psychic - (Decision)

- Disorganization and performance degradation

coupled with poor judgment.

2. Perception

- Impaired peripheral vision.

3. Psychomotor

- Progressive loss of control of movements

body, reaching ataxia, which is a

extreme difficulty of gait and balance.

4. Reaction

- Slowness of responses to stimuli.

5. Sleep

- CNS depression.

Action of the post-accident alcohol

1 – It Hinders the evaluation of rough by the doctor who provides care,

affecting the assessment of:

- Motor Response

- Verbal Response

- Guidance

- Eye Opening

- Response to pain



So there is extensive literature on research initiatives and successful
program, in developed countries and a less significant number of similar
initiatives in emerging countries like Brazil. One of the most important
initiatives, led by Prof. Dr. Arthur Guerra Andrade, Prof. Dr. Ronaldo Laranjeira
(and Prof. Dr. Flavio Pechansky,

"Brazil currently has 2,252 higher education institutions,
totaling more than 5.8 million college students. Entry into the university
often ushers in a period of greater autonomy, enabling new experiences, but
also, for many, it is at a time of increased vulnerability, making them more
susceptible to drug use and its consequences. As it is, therefore, a relevant
population, yet little researched, the National Policy on Drugs (SENAD), the
federal government agency responsible for coordinating the implementation of
the National Policy on Drugs (National Household Survey) and the National
Policy on Alcohol (PNA), in partnership with the Interdisciplinary Group for
Alcohol Studies and Drugs, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo (GREA /
USP), held the I SURVEY NATIONAL ON THE USE OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO AND OTHER DRUGS
AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS OF27 BRAZILIAN CAPITALS).

 

A second major research
second was performed by Laranjeira R, Duailibi & Pinsky and following is
described:



"The II Household Survey on the Use of
Psychotropic Drugs in Brazil, promoted by

National Anti-Drug Secretariat (SENAD) in 2005 in partnership with the
Brazilian Information Center

Drugs (CEBRID), the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), points out that
12.3% of people

surveyed, aged 12 and 65, meet the criteria for alcohol dependence and about
75%

have drunk at least once in life. The data also indicate alcohol consumption in
age groups

ever earlier and suggest the need to review the control measures, prevention
and treatment. "

According
to the Press Office - Denatran, a third survey was carried out and is contained
in this proposition:



"The study" Impact of alcohol and other substances in the Brazilian
traffic "developed by the National Secretariat for Policies on
Institutional Security Office of Drugs Presidency of the Republic (SENAD /
GSIPR), in partnership with various related entities and carried out by the
Center Studies Research in Traffic and Alcohol Porto Alegre Clinical Hospital
of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (Nepta / UFRGS). "



On the other hand, given the large number of searches promoted on the subject
by UFRS and create role models became possibly, it seems a great reference,
leaving us deeper into question by the development of a Draft under auspices
USP, in the area of ​​alcohol and drugs, which we are
heading in due course.

Intending to make efforts to minimize the impact caused by the triad alcohol +
drugs + impulsivity, we seek out a job to seek a solution to
this impasse, and to come together with government and civil society to benefit
the municipality in accordance with WHO targets whose General Assembly United
Nations, through Resolution A / 64 / L44 of 02/03/10, proclaimed the period
2011-2020 as the "Decade of Action for Road Safety" giving incentive
to revive the Global Society Group Traffic Safety , promoted by the UN, whose
first meeting was held in the auditorium of the Regional Hospital of Betim, in
the beginning of the previous government, through the National Pact for
Reduction of Traffic Accidents.

So there is extensive literature on research initiatives and successful
program, in developed countries and a less significant number of similar
initiatives in emerging countries like Brazil. One of the most important
initiatives, led by Prof. Dr. Flavio Pechansky, according to the Press office -
Denatran, is contained in this proposition:

"The
study" Impact of alcohol and other substances in the Brazilian traffic
"developed by the National Secretariat for Policies on Institutional
Security Office of Drugs Presidency of the Republic (SENAD / GSIPR), in
partnership with various related entities and carried out by the Center Studies
Research in Traffic and Alcohol Porto Alegre Clinical Hospital of the Federal
University of Rio Grande do Sul (Nepta / UFRGS). "

II. BACKGROUND



The Betim City Hall, through the Transbetim, created a committee to implement
policies and strategies that reduce traffic accidents in the city. The
committee consists of representatives from the areas of Safety, Health,
Education and Traffic. The first meeting took place on February 24 in the auditorium
of the Regional Hospital of Betim.



The formation of this group is the Global Road
Safety Partnership

 (GRSP). The organization, linked to the United
Nations (UN), is responsible for promoting dialogue between civil society and
government, in cities across the world. In Brazil, five municipalities were
selected to join the program: Jundiaí, Porto Alegre, Sao Jose dos Campos,
Guaiba and Betim.

The mining town was chosen because of its size, to be located in the
metropolitan area of ​​Belo Horizonte and be cut by
major highways. In addition, the city provides access to several other
municipalities and has Peri transit agency, Transbetim. The committee's
creation stimulates debate within the various spheres involved, helping to
reduce traffic accidents.



GRSP



The Global Road
Safety Partnership

 was
created 10 years ago to combat the high accident rates in low and middle income
countries, where traffic violence harms and contributes to poverty. Over the
years, statistics show that the partnership between the public and private
sectors is essential to reduce rates.



Entities that participate in the Committee:





Auto dealership Lane;



Fire Department;



National Land Transportation Agency (ANTT);

Central Atlantic Railroad (FCA);



PUC-MG;

Consortium Health Valley Paraopeba (SISMEP);



1st Military Police Command of the Military Police of Betim;



Municipal Health Secretary;



City Department of Education;



Defense Civil.Neste sense, saw before him to ask for their invaluable support
in order to have access to the Health Departments, Housing / Transbetim
(Committee to Reduce Traffic Accidents - GRSP), Drug Enforcement and
Education). Such a study will give us the opportunity to better understand the
reality betinense regarding the problems of alcohol, drugs and its correlation
with traffic accidents suggesting policies and strategies for solving them to
the secretariats of Batim City Hall.

III. OBJETIVES

1. General Objetctive

To kwow the economic and environmental social impacts of traffic accidents
resulting consumption of psychoactive substances Caring establishments Health
(EAS) public health care network (SUS-Betim) and private, specifically
emphasizing the Mental Health EAS in Betim city.



  2. Specific Objectives:



2.1 – To describe the epidemiology of traffic accidents associated with the
chemical dependency (psychoactive drugs) and behavioral (impulsive behaviors
and psychiatric disorders in health facilities from public and private in Betim
city.



2.2 – To identify best practices of prevention of traffic accidents and drug
and behavioral addictions in institutions, public and private agencies
specifically in Driver Education Centers and public and private education in
Betim and other landmarks in the municipality of Betim .

2.3 – To describe the situation of the use of psychoactive substances approach
in public health units and deprived of public and private in the EAS and the
community in the municipality of Betim.

2.4 - To relate the traffic accidents and chemical and behavioral addiction in
the organs, institutions and public and private company in the municipality of
Betim.

2.6 Promotion by foundations and author of the visit of research bodies,
guiding and coorientar reference laboratories in Brazil (Sao Paulo and Rio
Grande do Sul).





III. MATERIALS AND METHODS (See Fig. 01)





This is a critical review of literature in English and Portuguese language
journals through the Portal of Higher Education Personnel Improvement
Coordination (CAPES), Virtual Health Library (VHL) and the National Library of
Medicine (PubMed) whose databases were the Latin American and Caribbean Health
Sciences (LILACS), the Medical Bibliography (MEDLINE®) and the Scientific
Electronic Library Online (SciELO), for the years past 10 years, which used
were: drink and driving, traffic injuries, traffic Road Safety

For analysis of the publications were considered as inclusion criteria:

In addition to the above mentioned secondary sources of information search will
be made "in situ" in the organs, public and private institutions,
particularly in the municipality of Betim.



 Articles have been raised according to the title and of these met the
inclusion criteria after reading the abstracts or summaries.

See Fig. 01
Context Diagram with an initial outline of how to develop the whole
methodological process.







In addition will be used geo mapping of traffic accidents and streams following
the methodology of Space Syntax edilicia (unknown to this word) proposed by
Cavalcante et al (2010).

IV. EXPECTED RESULTS

Minimize the impact caused by the triad alcohol + drugs + impulsivity, we seek
out a job to seek a solution to this impasse, and to come together with
government and civil society to benefit the municipality in accordance with WHO
targets which United Nations General Assembly, through Resolution A / 64 / L44
of 02/03/10, proclaimed the period 2011-2020 as the "Decade of Action for
Road Safety" giving incentive to revive the Global Society Group of
Traffic Safety, sponsored by the UN whose first meeting took place in the
auditorium of the Regional Hospital of Betim, in the beginning of the previous
government, through the National Pact for Reduction of Traffic Accidents.